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Sporanox (itraconazole)

Indications

• Sporanox is prescribed to treat a variety of fungal infections, including those affecting the lungs, mouth, throat, toenails, and fingernails.
• Effective against systemic fungal infections like blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and aspergillosis, which affect various internal organs.

Ingredients

• Active Ingredient: Itraconazole
• Inactive Ingredients: Hypromellose, propylene glycol, titanium dioxide, sugar spheres, macrogol, sorbitan monooleate, and gelatin.

Dosage and Administration

• Take Sporanox exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
• Take with food: Administer the capsule immediately after a full meal to improve absorption.
• Take the capsule at the same time each day to maintain a consistent level in your bloodstream.
• Finish the entire prescribed course, even if symptoms disappear, to ensure the infection is fully treated.
• Swallow the capsule whole.
• Do not skip doses as consistency is crucial for the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Do not take antacids within two hours before or after taking Sporanox, as they can reduce its effectiveness.
• Do not crush or chew.

Mechanism of Action

Itraconazole works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. This disruption in cell membrane production causes fungal cells to become leaky and die, thereby treating the infection.

Contraindications

• Do not use if you are allergic to Itraconazole or any other ingredients in Sporanox.
• Avoid if you have heart failure or a history of congestive heart failure, as Sporanox can worsen these conditions.
• Do not use the medication if you have severe liver disease or jaundice caused by other medications.
• Do not take it with certain medications such as Cisapride, Pimozide, Quinidine, or Dofetilide due to the risk of serious interactions.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Headache
• Dizziness

Serious Side Effects

• Signs of heart failure (shortness of breath, swelling in ankles/feet, unusual tiredness)
• Severe liver problems (dark urine, yellowing of skin/eyes, severe stomach/abdominal pain)
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, trouble breathing)
• Hearing loss
• Unusual tiredness or weakness

Precautions

• Inform your doctor of your complete medical history, especially if you have heart disease, liver problems, or kidney disease.
• Regular liver function tests may be required to monitor your response to Sporanox.
• Stop consuming alcohol as it can increase the risk of liver problems while taking Sporanox.
• Discuss all medications you are taking with your doctor to avoid potential drug interactions.
• Consult your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

Storage Instructions

• Keep Sporanox at a controlled room temperature, between 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F).
• Store in a dry place away from light and moisture.
• Keep out of reach of children and pets.
• Do not store it in the bathroom.

References

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/020657s025lbl.pdf