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Invokana (canagliflozin)

Indications

Invokana is prescribed for:

• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
• Cardiovascular Risk Reduction
• Chronic Kidney Disease

Dosage and Administration

• Take Invokana once daily before the first meal.
• Swallow the tablet whole with water.
• Follow the prescribed dose, usually starting at 100 mg and possibly increasing to 300 mg as directed by your doctor.
• Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly as advised by your healthcare provider.
• Maintain a consistent routine for taking your medication to maximize its effectiveness.
• Do not crush, chew, or break the tablet.
• Do not skip doses; if you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is close to the time for your next dose.
• Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can increase the risk of dehydration and low blood sugar.

Mechanism of Action

Invokana works by blocking a protein in the kidneys called SGLT2 (sodium-glucose co-transporter 2). This protein is responsible for reabsorbing glucose back into the bloodstream. By inhibiting SGLT2, Invokana allows more glucose to be excreted in the urine, thereby lowering blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.

Contraindications

Invokana should not be used if:

• You have severe kidney problems
• You have severe liver problems
• You are pregnant or planning to become pregnant
• You are breastfeeding
• You are allergic to Canagliflozin or any other ingredients in Invokana

Side Effects

Common Side Effects:

• Increased urination
• Yeast infections in women
• Urinary tract infections
• Thirst
• Constipation
• Nausea

Serious Side Effects:

• Dehydration (symptoms: dizziness, fainting, lightheadedness)
• Ketoacidosis (symptoms: nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, difficulty breathing)
• Severe allergic reactions (symptoms: rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, trouble breathing)
• Kidney problems
• Bone fractures
• Lower limb amputations

Precautions

• Regular check-ups are necessary to ensure the kidneys are working properly.
• Drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration, especially in hot weather or when exercising.
• Report any symptoms of urinary tract or yeast infections to your doctor immediately.
• Be aware of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, and seek immediate medical attention if they occur.
• Inspect your feet regularly and report any sores, infections, or pain to your doctor.
• Some drugs can interact with Invokana and affect its efficacy or increase side effects.

Storage Instructions

• Keep between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
• Store in a dry place away from direct heat sources.
• Ensure that children do not have access to medication.
• Keep the tablets in the original bottle with the lid tightly closed to protect from moisture.

References

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/204042s034lbl.pdf