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Zofran (ondansetron)

Indications

Zofran tablets are prescribed for:

• Nausea and Vomiting: Prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.
• Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: Prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting after surgery.
• Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy: Treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum) when other treatments have failed.

Dosage and Administration

• Take Zofran tablets exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
• Take tablets with or without food.
• Swallow the tablet whole with water.
• Take Zofran at the prescribed times and for the full duration of treatment.
• Do not chew, crush, or break the tablet.
• Do not take more than the prescribed dose.
• Do not use Zofran if the packaging is torn or shows signs of tampering.
• Do not share Zofran tablets with others, even if they have similar symptoms.

Mechanism of Action

Zofran works by blocking the action of serotonin, a natural substance in the body that can trigger nausea and vomiting. It binds to serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and gastrointestinal tract, preventing the transmission of nausea and vomiting signals to the brain.

Contraindications

Zofran tablets should not be used if you:

• Have a Known Hypersensitivity: You are allergic to Ondansetron or any other ingredients in Zofran.
• Are Taking Apomorphine: It is a drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease.
• Have Congenital Long QT Syndrome: It is a heart rhythm disorder.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects:

• Headache
• Fatigue
• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Dizziness
• Drowsiness

Serious Side Effects:

• Allergic reactions (symptoms: rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, trouble breathing)
• Changes in heart rhythm (symptoms: fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat)
• Serotonin syndrome (symptoms: agitation, hallucinations, fever, sweating, shivering, fast heart rate, muscle stiffness, twitching)

Precautions

• Monitor for Signs of Serotonin Syndrome: Be cautious if using other medications that increase serotonin levels.
• Use with Caution in Patients with Liver Disease: Dose adjustments may be necessary.
• Avoid Activities Requiring Mental Alertness: Zofran may cause dizziness or drowsiness; avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.
• Inform Your Doctor About Other Medications: Some drugs can interact with Zofran and affect its efficacy or increase side effects.
• Monitor for Changes in Heart Rhythm: Especially in patients with underlying heart conditions.

Storage Instructions

• Keep Zofran tablets between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
• Store in a dry place away from direct sunlight, moisture, and heat.
• Ensure that Zofran tablets are stored safely out of the reach of children.

References

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/020103s035_020605s019_020781s019lbl.pdf