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Prezista (darunavir)

Indications

Prezista is used in combination with other antiretroviral medications to treat Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in adults and children 3 years of age and older. It helps manage HIV infection, improving the quality of life by reducing the viral load in the body.

Dosage and Administration

• Take Prezista exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
• Always take Prezista with food to enhance absorption and effectiveness.
• Swallow the tablets whole with water; do not chew or crush them.
• Take Prezista in combination with a low dose of ritonavir or cobicistat as prescribed, as this boosts the effectiveness of darunavir.
• Do not skip doses; consistent use is critical for managing HIV effectively.
• Avoid taking Prezista alone without other antiretroviral medications.
• Do not discontinue use without consulting your healthcare provider, as this can lead to resistance and treatment failure.
• Do not consume grapefruit or grapefruit juice while taking Prezista, as it can interfere with the medication’s effectiveness.

Mechanism of Action

Prezista works by inhibiting the protease enzyme that HIV uses to replicate itself. By blocking this enzyme, Prezista prevents the virus from maturing and multiplying, thereby reducing the amount of virus in the body and helping to manage the HIV infection effectively.

Contraindications

• Do not use Prezista if you have severe liver problems or a known allergy to darunavir or any of its components.
• Avoid using Prezista with certain medications that can interact negatively, such as alfuzosin, cisapride, ergot derivatives, or St. John’s Wort.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Headache
• Abdominal pain
• Rash

Serious Side Effects

• Severe skin reactions (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
• Liver problems (e.g., jaundice, dark urine)
• High blood sugar (hyperglycemia)
• Changes in body fat distribution
• Increased bleeding in patients with hemophilia

Precautions

• Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding before starting Prezista.
• Regularly monitor liver function, as Prezista can cause liver issues, especially in patients with pre-existing liver conditions.
• Use effective contraception to prevent pregnancy while taking Prezista, as its effects on an unborn baby are unknown.
• Maintain regular medical appointments and blood tests to monitor your HIV status and the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Report any signs of severe rash, allergic reactions, or liver problems to your healthcare provider immediately.

Storage Instructions

• Store Prezista tablets at room temperature, between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
• Keep the bottle tightly closed to protect it from moisture.
• Do not store in the bathroom or freeze.
• Keep out of reach of children and pets.

References

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/021976s021lbl.pdf