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Multaq (dronedarone)

Indications

• Multaq is prescribed to adults to help manage and maintain normal heart rhythm in patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.
• Multaq helps reduce the risk of hospitalization due to heart problems in patients with a history of atrial fibrillation.

Dosage and Administration

• Administer Multaq with meals to enhance absorption.
• Take Multaq exactly as directed by your healthcare provider, usually twice daily.
• Swallow the tablets whole.
• Avoid skipping doses as it can reduce the effectiveness of the medication and increase the risk of heart rhythm problems.
• Do not crush, chew, or split the tablets to ensure proper dosage delivery.
• Avoid grapefruit juice as it can increase the levels of Multaq in your blood, leading to potential side effects.
• Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose. Simply take the next dose at the scheduled time.

Mechanism of Action

Multaq (Dronedarone) is an antiarrhythmic medication that works by inhibiting multiple ion channels (sodium, potassium, and calcium) and adrenergic receptors in the heart. This helps to stabilize the heart’s electrical activity, maintain normal sinus rhythm, and reduce the occurrence of abnormal heartbeats associated with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.

Contraindications

• Severe Heart Failure: Do not take Multaq if you have severe heart failure or have recently been hospitalized for heart failure.
• Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: Multaq is not recommended for patients with permanent atrial fibrillation.
• Severe Liver Impairment: Avoid using Multaq if you have severe liver problems.
• History of Lung or Liver Toxicity from Amiodarone: Do not use Multaq if you have had lung or liver toxicity related to amiodarone.
• Certain Heart Conduction Problems: Avoid Multaq if you have specific types of heart conduction issues without a pacemaker.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects:

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Stomach pain
• Weakness or fatigue
• Skin rash

Serious Side Effects:

• Severe liver problems (yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine)
• Severe lung issues (shortness of breath, persistent cough)
• Worsening heart failure (swelling of the ankles or feet, sudden weight gain)
• Serious allergic reactions (rash, itching/swelling, severe dizziness, difficulty breathing)

Precautions

• Monitor Liver and Kidney Function: Regular blood tests may be needed to check liver and kidney function during treatment.
• Discuss with Doctor if Pregnant or Breastfeeding: Consult your healthcare provider before starting Multaq if you are pregnant or planning to breastfeed.
• Inform About All Medications: Provide your doctor with a complete list of your current medications to avoid harmful interactions.
• Avoid Certain Other Heart Medications: Some medications for heart rhythm problems may interact with Multaq, increasing the risk of side effects.
• Be Cautious with Electrolyte Imbalances: Ensure your electrolytes (potassium and magnesium) are balanced before starting Multaq.

Storage Instructions

• Keep Multaq tablets at 77°F (25°C); brief excursions between 59°F and 86°F (15°C to 30°C) are allowed.
• Store in the original package to protect from moisture and light.
• Ensure that Multaq is stored safely away from children to prevent accidental ingestion.

References

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022425s010lbl.pdf